Description: <div style="font-family:"Avenir Next W01", "Avenir Next W00", "Avenir Next", Avenir, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:inherit; font-size:large;">To identify forest area within each city, tree canopy over impervious surfaces was first subtracted from the overall tree canopy layer, including buildings and roads identified from planimetric data. Morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA; Vogt et al. 2007) was then used to distinguish forest patches from remaining tree canopy using an edge parameter of 15 m based on observed changes in vegetation composition and structure (Baker, unpublished data). MSPA applies the 15 m edge parameter to distinguish forest core from surrounding edges. Patches always include core areas and their surrounding edges, as well as any perforations.</span><br /></div><div style="font-family:"Avenir Next W01", "Avenir Next W00", "Avenir Next", Avenir, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size:16px;"><div style="font-family:inherit;"></div><div style="font-family:inherit;"><p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:1.5rem;"><span style="font-family:inherit; font-size:large;">Vogt P, Riitters K H, Estreguil C, Kozak J, Wade T G and Wickham J D 2007 Mapping spatial patterns with morphological image processing Landsc. Ecol. 22 171–7.</span><a href="https://gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2Fs10980-006-9013-2&data=05%7C01%7CBenjamin.Clark%40usda.gov%7C7c5a2e688f0f4218fe7208dbb88219a0%7Ced5b36e701ee4ebc867ee03cfa0d4697%7C1%7C0%7C638306641135347039%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=en1LZvKQYx2VUs9zcCYI6VqpiK3LqoRPOHIIL5yCfjE%3D&reserved=0" style="color:rgb(0, 97, 155); text-decoration-line:none; font-family:inherit;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family:inherit; font-size:large;">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-006-9013-2</span></a><span style="font-family:inherit; font-size:large;">.</span></p></div></div>
Copyright Text: USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station