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Description: Milliken and Johnson identified 663 year-round local group regions as they might have been in 1770s California (2010:20). Each was named after ethnographic tribal or “rancheria” groups. In contrast to Heizer (1966), Milliken and Johnson argued against the “tyranny of ‘language group as tribe” (2010:3). As well as tribelets with defined boundaries, they identified groups comprising loose regional communities, unbounded small villages, or ambiguously bounded regions of large sedentary villages (see definitions below). Two main variables were used to define group regions—nature of land-using organization (bounded versus non-bounded territories), and nature of the data (mission outreach areas versus other). Milliken and Johnson’s collected data are available at the Bancroft Library, Berkeley. From the Wiki description. The Contact-Period Native California Community Distribution Model (CDM) is a digital atlas and wiki encyclopedia that models the socio-political landscape of native California at the time of first contact with the Spanish, a rolling moment from the 1770s to the 1830s. The CDM atlas portrays a model distribution of 663 community regions (inferred or known village communities or tribelets) across California on a GIS digital map layer, divided into 14 analytical zones that combine regions on the basis of mutual histories, shared language, and similar land-use patterns. The associated encyclopedia consists of "wiki" monographs that gather together archival information for each of the community regions (i.e., presented within a collaborative website that allows for creation and controlled editing of interlinked web pages). An additional key element, a Mission Register database, provides locational information for the CDM regions from which the people were entirely removed to the Franciscan missions between 1770 and 1835. These separate elements together form the CDM (Figure 1). Additional Details about these Native California Ethno-Linguistic Areas can be found at the following web site: https://roadmaptoresearch.dot.ca.gov/about-map-layers.html.

Copyright Text: Randall T. Milliken and John Johnson 2010. Contact-Period Native California Community Distribution Model. Submitted to California Department of Transportation, District 6, Fresno, California.

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Last Edit Date: 2/19/2025 10:44:25 PM

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